مذكرة
Stool Analysis
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وتقرير الــ
stool analysis
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How stool is formed?
1. Stool propelled via colon to rectum (reaches rectum 7-8 hours after
ingestion)
2. When stool enters rectum:
Stool distends rectum
Rectum contracts reflexively
Stool forced into anal canal
Stool crosses 90 degree angle
3. When stool enters anal canal:
Internal anal sphincter (involuntary control), automatically relaxes
on stool entrance.
External anal sphincter (voluntary control), voluntary relaxation
results in defecation
4. Defecation:
External anal sphincter opens
Intra-abdominal pressure increases with and stool moved out
What are the results of chronically ignoring urge to defecate?
Sensory receptor reflex arc less responsive
Stool collects in distal colon
Stool desiccates and worsens Constipation
What is the stool analysis test?
A stool analysis is a series of tests done on a stool (feces) sample to help
diagnose certain conditions affecting the digestive tract.
Gross examination
Color
Normal:
Brown color is the normal color of stool
Why stool color is brown? The characteristic brown color of feces is due to
stercobilin and urobinin, both of which are produced by bacterial degradation of
bilirubin.
Abnormal:
Black color: indicate iron medication (for treatment of anemia) or upper GIT
bleeding (due to peptic ulcer, stomach carcinoma or esophageal varices).
Bright red color: indicate lower GIT bleeding (due to piles and anal fissure).
Clay color(gray-white): indicate obstructive jaundice
Silver color: indicate combination of jaundice and blood (cancer of ampulla of
Vater).
Red brown color: indicate drugs as Tetracyclines, and Rifambicin antibiotics
Green color: indicate medications as Diathiazine, Mercurous chloride also
vitamins cause green color of stool and in some cases of intestinal putrefaction.
Note: red stool color may be seen if there are undigested beets or tomatoes.
Note: if stool color is black and there is no history of iron medication FOBT is recommended.
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